Unfortunately there are no door sensors I can find that are compatible with Hue.
TP-Link appears to make some door sensors but the TP-Link binding doesn’t appear to support them. At least they are not listed.
So you will have to choose another technology. I’d recommend Zwave though they can be pricier than other technologies. But they tend to work very well and there is good support in OH. You will need to purchase a Zwave controller, the Aeotech Gen 5 is one of the more popular ones. Then there are many choices for door sensors and sirens to choose from.
For sending an alert you can use the myopenhab.org and the openHAB app on your phone. But you will need to write a Rule to generate the alert after the desired amount of time the door remains open. But it isn’t hard.
For sending the TTS to the Google Home, I think you can use the Chromecast binding and the say command from the Rule.