Tinkerforge with MQTT - Is working but don't know how to make it run at startup

Just make sure the Mosquito service is configured to start on system startup - see step 1 here.

Actually, I see you’re on openhabian - did you install Mosquitto from the openhabian menus? I presume they make sure that Mosquitto starts on startup?

In general, to get things to start on startup have a look at creating systemd service files.