There is Magic Binding [3.2.0.0;4.0.0.0) but this whole paragraph seems to show a complete misunderstanding of the entire purpose of Things, Channels and Items in the first place. A Thing is not a place to store configuration info that might be used by a Rule.
A Channel is a way for a Thing to push commands and states to an Item and receive commands back. Items don’t pull information from a Thing. And a Thing is supposed to represent a device. It’s not a database for rules to look to for configuration information.
That’s what Item metadata is for and JS Scripting has OK access to the metadata in 3.4 and excellent access in 4.0.